Artificial insemination by sperm donor (AID) is one of the first techniques used in assisted reproduction. It is carried out on women without a male partner or on heterosexual couples with a severe masculine issue: azoospermia or ICSI failure. Over the years new tests for donors have been introduced to ensure better selection. One of the requisites that is often requested by patients with failed cycles of AID-IU is that the donor is proven to be fertile.
The aim of the study is to confirm whether or not the probability of pregnancy in a cycle of AID is increased if we use a donor with proven fertility.
For this study, university students of 18 to 25 years old were selected. Their personal and family medical history was recorded, an andrological physical examination was performed, analyses were completed in order to rule out any infectious and genetic semen culture diseases, karyotype, FISH in spermatozoa for the 13, 18, 21, X and Y chromosomes and the molecular study of cystic fibrosis. A post-thaw control check is carried out for each freeze.
Intrauterine insemination was carried out 35-38 hours after hCG was administered. If pregnancy was not achieved in the first cycle, a different donor was assigned for the second cycle.
After retrospectively analysing 430 cycles of AID-IU, 408 were carried out with donors with proven fertility at the time of the AID and 22 with donors without proven fertility. With the proven fertility donors there were 105 cases of pregnancy (25.7%) and with the donors without proven fertility there were 6 (27.3%). (p=0.872).
Conclusion
We have not found any statistically significant differences between the use of donors with proven fertility compared to donors without previous pregnancies. We can conclude that the prior selection system used for the donors and the guaranteed minimum seminal quality of the samples at our sperm bank make it unnecessary to request a donor with proven fertility. If, despite the strict selection criteria, there is a donor with a low fertility rate, this effect is minimised by changing the donor if pregnancy is not achieved.